Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004) - Greenland (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004) z Greenland (2008)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004)	Greenland (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland) note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 24% (male 6,926/female 6,597) 15-64 years: 69.1% (male 20,901/female 18,012) 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 1,873/female 2,035) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish
Airports	5 (2003 est.)	14 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 9 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 5 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 2,166,086 sq km land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly more than three times the size of Texas
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Greenland, the world's largest island, is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century, and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the EU) with Denmark in 1973, but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute centered on stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament; the law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs in consultation with Greenland's Home Rule Government.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	16.01 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $1.36 billion expenditures: $1.27 billion (2005)
Capital	Stanley	name: Nuuk (Godthab) geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Greenland is divided into four time zones
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
Coastline	1,288 km	44,087 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	7.93 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	NA (1999 est.)	$25 million (1999)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	managed dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland
Economic aid - recipient	none (1997 est.)	$512 million; note - subsidy from Denmark (2005)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and a substantial subsidy from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Several interesting hydrocarbon and mineral exploration activities are ongoing. Press reports in early 2007 indicated that two international aluminum companies were considering building smelters in Greenland to take advantage of local hydropower potential. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs. Air Greenland began summer-season direct flights to the U.S. east coast in May 2007, potentially opening a major new tourism market.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	279 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	300 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting
Ethnic groups	British	Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (2000)
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.6125 (2003), 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.618 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.4797 (2007), 5.9468 (2006), 5.9969 (2005), 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Soren MOLLER (since April 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002) cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by parliament (usually the leader of the majority party); election results: Hans ENOKSEN reelected prime minister note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit
Exports	NA (2001)	149.1 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)
Exports - partners	Spain 80%, UK 9.3%, US 3.6% (2003)	Denmark 67.1%, Japan 12.1%, China 5.6% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	2% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	72 00 N, 40 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	4,013 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products
Imports - partners	UK 62%, Spain 30.4%, Italy 2.5% (2003)	Denmark 69.9%, Sweden 16.3%, Norway 3.7% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut); gold, niobium, tantalite, uranium, iron and diamond mining; handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA (2004 est.)	total: 14.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	Arctic Council, NC, NIB, UPU
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	32,120 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	English	Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English
Legal system	English common law	the laws of Denmark, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 15 November 2005 (next to be held by December 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 30.7%, Demokratiit 22.8%, IA 22.6%, Atassut Party 19.1%; Katusseqatigiit 4.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Demokratiit 7, IA 7, Atassut 6, Katusseqatigiit 1 note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 13 November 2007 (next to be held in November 2011); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.)	total population: 70.23 years male: 66.65 years female: 73.9 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% (2001 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada
Map references	South America	Arctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine	-	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,422 GRT/2,340 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger 1 registered in other countries: 1 (Denmark 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Military branches	no regular military forces	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	June 21 (longest day)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Greenlander(s) adjective: Greenlandic
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Atassut Party (Solidarity) [Finn KARLSEN] (a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark); Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood) [Josef MOTZFELDT] (a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule); Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List) (an independent right-of-center party with no official platform); Siumut (Forward Party) [Hans ENOKSEN] (a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark)
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	2,967 (July 2004 est.)	56,344 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2004 est.)	-0.03% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.115 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995 domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean) (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	25,300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	32,200 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	1 (plus some local low-power stations, and 3 Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) stations (1997)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman (2004 est.)	2.4 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	9.3% (2005 est.)

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